1.北京市大兴区中西医结合医院 康复科, 北京, 100076
2.北京市大兴区中西医结合医院 重症医学科, 北京, 100076
3.北京市大兴区中西医结合医院 护理部, 北京, 100076
冯文英, E-mail: 1269378954@qq.com
收稿:2025-12-17,
修回:2025-12-24,
录用:2026-01-07,
网络首发:2026-02-27,
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马宁, 陈伟然, 白娜娜, 等. 1例神经重症气管切开合并吞咽障碍患者的多学科康复护理查房报告[DB/OL].中西医结合临床案例库, 2026.
MA Ning, CHEN Weiran, BAI Nana, et al. Multidisciplinary Rehabilitation Nursing Ward Round Report of a Patient with Neurological Critical Illness, Tracheotomy and Dysphagia[DB/OL].Clinical Archives of Integrative Medicine, 2026.
马宁, 陈伟然, 白娜娜, 等. 1例神经重症气管切开合并吞咽障碍患者的多学科康复护理查房报告[DB/OL].中西医结合临床案例库, 2026. DOI: 10.12209/CAIM202512170001.
MA Ning, CHEN Weiran, BAI Nana, et al. Multidisciplinary Rehabilitation Nursing Ward Round Report of a Patient with Neurological Critical Illness, Tracheotomy and Dysphagia[DB/OL].Clinical Archives of Integrative Medicine, 2026. DOI: 10.12209/CAIM202512170001.
目的
2
探讨多学科康复护理联合中医护理技术在神经重症气管切开合并吞咽障碍患者中的应用效果,明确中西医协同干预对患者吞咽功能、营养状况、呼吸功能及整体预后的改善作用及临床价值,为临床同类病例提供标准化护理方案。
方法
2
选取1例脑梗死致神经重症、气管切开并吞咽障碍、营养不良、便秘的患者,组建由康复科、重症医学科、营养科及护理部等构成的多学科团队,实施分阶段个体化护理,即第一阶段聚焦气道精细化管理、吞咽功能基础康复及中药膏摩疗法改善便秘;第二阶段推进渐进式气切堵管、带管摄食训练及穴位贴敷协同干预;第三阶段完成气切拔管、全经口进食规范化指导及居家康复延续护理,全程融合西医康复技术与中医“痰瘀同治”理念。
结果
2
患者干预后各项功能指标显著改善,洼田饮水试验从Ⅳ级提升至Ⅰ级,功能性经口摄食量表(FOIS)从2级升至6级,改良Barthel指数从25分提高至40分,成功拔除气管切开套管及鼻胃肠管,实现完全经口进食;血常规、生化指标恢复至正常范围,肺部感染得到有效控制,便秘症状完全缓解,肢体肌力及呼吸功能明显改善,顺利回归家庭。
结论
2
多学科联合中西医结合护理模式可有效优化神经重症气管切开合并吞咽障碍患者的气道管理、吞咽功能康复及营养支持效果,中医护理技术的规范应用能针对性解决便秘、气血失调等问题,提升整体康复效率,具有重要的临床推广价值。
Objective
2
To explore the application effect of multidisciplinary rehabilitation nursing combined with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) nursing techniques in patients with neurological critical illness, tracheotomy and dysphagia, and to clarify the improvement effect and clinical value of integrated TCM and Western medicine intervention on patients' swallowing function, nutritional status, respiratory function and overall prognosis, providing a standardized nursing plan for similar clinical cases.
Methods
2
A patient with cerebral infarction-induced neurological critical illness, tracheotomy, dysphagia, malnutrition and constipation was selected. A multidisciplinary team composed of the rehabilitation department, critical care medicine department, nutrition department and nursing department was formed to implement individualized staged care. The first stage focused on airway refined management, basic rehabilitation of swallowing function and traditional Chinese medicine ointment massage therapy to improve constipation. The second stage promoted progressive tracheotomy tube occlusion, tube-feeding training and acupoint application for coordinated intervention. The third stage completed tracheotomy tube removal, standardized guidance for full oral feeding and home rehabilitation follow-up care, integrating Western medicine rehabilitation techniques with the TCM concept of "treating phlegm and blood stasis simultaneously".
Results
2
After intervention, the patient's functional indicators significantly improved. The Wada water drinking test improved from grade IV to grade I, the Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS) increased from grade 2 to grade 6, and the modified Barthel Index rose from 25 points to 40 points. The tracheotomy tube and naso-gastrointestinal tube were successfully removed, and the patient achieved full oral feeding. Blood routine and biochemical indicators returned to the normal range, pulmonary infection was effectively controlled, constipation symptoms were completely relieved, limb muscle strength and respiratory function were significantly improved, and the patient smoothly returned home.
Conclusion
2
The multidisciplinary combined TCM and Western medicine nursing model can effectively optimize airway management, swallowing function rehabilitation and nutritional support for patients with neurological critical illness, tracheotomy and dysphagia. The standardized application of TCM nursing techniques can specifically address problems such as constipation and qi-blood imbalance, improving overall rehabilitation efficiency and having important clinical promotion value.
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